Closure Mechanism & Slam Prevention
Swing check valve closure occurs through combined gravity and reverse flow forces acting on the disc. As forward flow decreases, the disc begins to swing closed by gravity (in horizontal or vertical upflow installations). Complete seating occurs when reverse flow develops, pushing the disc firmly against the seat ring. This closure sequence is inherently slower than spring-assisted dual-plate or tilting disc designs, making swing checks susceptible to water hammer in applications with rapid flow deceleration.
Water Hammer Prevention Strategies: (1) Specify external lever and weight assemblies that accelerate closure before significant reverse flow develops—critical for African water pumping stations experiencing frequent power failures, (2) Install dashpot dampers that hydraulically control closure speed to prevent slamming while maintaining fast response, (3) Ensure proper valve sizing—oversized swing checks close slowly and slam violently, while undersized valves create excessive pressure drop, (4) Consider non-slam spring-assisted designs for pulsating pump services common in African mining dewatering systems.
Installation Orientation Requirements
CRITICAL: Swing check valves MUST be installed in horizontal pipelines (with disc swinging vertically) or vertical upflow orientations where gravity assists closure. NEVER install swing checks in vertical downflow service—gravity holds the disc open, preventing closure and allowing continuous reverse flow that destroys pumps and downstream equipment. This installation error is common in African industrial facilities and causes catastrophic failures.
Horizontal installations require adequate clearance above the valve body for disc swing (typically 1.5-2× valve diameter). In confined African piping installations, this often necessitates dual-plate wafer alternatives that eliminate external clearance requirements entirely.
Cracking Pressure & Pressure Drop
Cracking pressure (minimum forward pressure to begin opening) for swing checks ranges from 0.25-0.5 psi for horizontal installations to 1-3 psi for vertical upflow, depending on disc weight and optional spring loading. Pressure drop when fully open is 0.2-0.5 psi—dramatically lower than globe valves (15-30 psi) or lift checks (5-10 psi) at equivalent flow rates, making swing checks ideal for energy-conscious African water utilities where pumping costs are scrutinized.